SHANKARA - THE TANDAVA OF SWARAS (IN ENGLISH)

Today we will focus on a very ancient raga. Some believe this raga is a creation of Lord Shiva. I don’t know how true it is but whenever I listen to this raga I feel like I am witnessing Lord Shiva’s Tandava. Many among you must have guessed the raga. Yes, I am talking about Raga Shankara.

Shankara, a beautiful raga loaded with lot of aggression and energy. Some also believe that Shankara is a parallel version of a Carnatic Raga, Hansadhwani. Let us throw a glance on the notes (swaras) of this amazing raga :-

Shankara is a uttarang pradhan raga where the raga gets established and developed more in higher swaras of the Saptak. This raga has a lot of fluidity as well as aggression. This Raga is of Audav – Shadav nature, which means it has 5 swaras in the ascending order while it has 6 notes in the descending order. Madhyam Swara is omitted in this raga. Although Shuddha Rishabh is taken in the descending order, it is omitted in the ascending order. All swaras in this raga are Shuddha. This Raga is played in the 2nd prahar of night.

The two main phrases of Shankara are ‘GA PA (RE) GA RE SA’ and ‘GA PA NI DHA SA NI DHA PA’. For me Shankara is nothing but a beautiful blend of these two phrases.

The role of Shuddha Rishabh and Shuddha Dhaivat in this raga :-
In Shankara Shuddha Rishabh and Shuddha Dhaivat are certainly not the most important swaras. But they certainly play a key role in the main phrases of the raga. Although there are no stoppages (Thehrav) on Shuddha RE and Shuddha DHA yet they are used with great consistency.
 For example :- ‘GA PA (RE) GA RE SA’ and ‘GA PA NI DHA SA NI DHA PA’.

All other swaras are important in their own unique way. Shadja and Pancham are the swaras on which we can have the most thehrav. In the phrase ‘SA GA PA’ we can have a gentle oscillation around GA like ‘SA GA.. PA’.

Few Alaaps of Raga Shankara :-
‘NI SA, PA NI SA GA, GA PA (RE) GA RE SA, NI DHA SA NI, PA NI SA, SA GA.. PA, GA PA NI DHA SA NI DHA PA, GA PA NI DHA PA GA, GA PA (RE) GA RE SA’.

Basically Shankara is not a Raga to be played for a very longer duration. Hence I feel one should not stretch this raga too much and keep it down to maximum rendering of 30-35 mins. If one follows the rules and regulations properly and maintains the fluidity and aggression of this Raga then there are no better impactful Ragas then Shankara.


Shri. Sameer Abhyankar.

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